Free public beta until December 4, 2026: every course is open, no card needed. After that, the first chapter of each course stays free and full access is a one-time $39 ($19 for up to 100 founding members chosen for helpful feedback). Your progress is kept. How the beta works

affine transformation

A linear map plus a translation, combining any mix of scale, rotate, reflect, shear, and shift.

An affine transformation combines a linear part $A$ with a translation $t$ , $p'=Ap+t$ -- every transform built from translation, scaling, rotation, reflection, and shear, alone or composed, is one specific affine map.

See also

homogeneous coordinates

Read the full section →

snap pen only

Graph settings

indep dep deg

grid intersections

xmin xmax ymin ymax

x-tick y-tick

Calculator