translation
Shifting every point by the same fixed offset.
Translation shifts every point by a fixed offset (t_x,t_y): T(x,y)=(x+t_x,\ y+t_y) -- the one basic transform that cannot be written as a 2\times2 matrix acting on (x,y) alone, since every linear map fixes the origin and translation moves it.
See also
Point table
Graph settings
Calculator