Skip to content
Free public beta until December 4, 2026: every course is open, no card needed. After that, the first chapter of each course stays free and full access is a one-time $39 ($19 for up to 100 founding members chosen for helpful feedback). Your progress is kept. How the beta works

Impulse train

An infinite row of evenly spaced unit Dirac impulses, used to model sampling as multiplication.

An impulse train, p(t)=\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty}\delta(t-n\,\Delta t), is an infinite row of unit impulses spaced \Delta t apart. Multiplying a continuous signal by an impulse train models the act of sampling it, concentrating the product entirely at the sample instants.

Examples

  • Multiplying f(t) by an impulse train spaced \Delta t apart produces a signal that is nonzero only at t=n\Delta t.

Read the full section →
Graph settings

Calculator