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shadow price

How much the optimal objective value changes per unit change in a constraint's right-hand side.

The shadow price of a constraint is the rate of change of the optimal objective value with respect to a small change in that constraint's right-hand side — exactly the value of that constraint's optimal Lagrange multiplier (or dual variable). A shadow price of 0 means the constraint is slack (inactive) at the optimum and relaxing it further wouldn't help.

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