PUBACK
The acknowledgement a receiver sends back for a QoS 1 message.
PUBACK is the packet that acknowledges a QoS 1 PUBLISH; until it arrives the sender keeps the message and resends it with the DUP flag set.
Examples
A QoS 1 PUBLISH from the sensor is answered by one PUBACK carrying the same packet identifier, which is why QoS 1 costs two packets per message.
If the PUBACK is lost, the sender resends the PUBLISH, so the reading may arrive twice.