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embedded-systems

Choosing switch types, reading a potentiometer as a divider, and recognizing contact bounce

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Local knowledge map

Local knowledge map

Designing a finite state machine with states, events and… Scanning a keypad matrix and decoding a rotary encoder Using Hall-effect sensors and quadrature encoders to sense… Debouncing a button in firmware with a time window or a state… Choosing switch types, reading a potentiometer as a… Connecting 3.3 V and 5 V logic safely with dividers, MOSFET… Explaining the voltage spike when current through a coil is… Predicting how a load (an input pin, a meter) pulls a… Smoothing PWM into a steady voltage with an RC low-pass filter,… Timing with millis() and rollover-safe unsigned subtraction Computing an RC time constant and using the 63% and 5τ rules for… Computing and choosing resistors for a voltage divider's… Applying Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws to check or solv… Explaining what a capacitor stores, polarity, and why… Using V = IR to find a missing voltage, current, or resistance

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Solid arrows are required prerequisites; dashed are recommended or helpful. Lower rows are more foundational. Click any box to jump to that concept.