network failure
Any event that stops a device's messages from getting through: the router reboots, the signal fades, the broker restarts.
A network failure is any condition that interrupts a device's path to the service it talks to -- the access point, the DHCP lease, the broker or the radio link -- and a connected device must treat it as normal, not exceptional.
Examples
The greenhouse sensor's router reboots for a minute or two: Wi-Fi vanishes, then returns, and the device must treat that as normal.
A weak signal around -80 dBm RSSI makes the link drop and return, even though nothing is broken.
See also